285. New York :,Communism and its demise. Real socialism. Decline and fall of socialism. The demise of communism in Central Europe. The collapse of the Soviet Union -- Shock therapy vs. gradualism. The radical reform program : a big bang. Gradual reform programs. Rent seeking : the scourge of transition. Criticism of radical reform after the Russian financial crash -- Output : slump and recovery. Sharp decline in recorded output and varied recovery. Exaggeration of the slump. Radical reform : least decline and early recovery. Late reformers : surged after 1998 -- Liberalization : the creation of a market economy. Different strategies of deregulation. Liberalization of foreign trade. Labor market policy. Combat of monopoly : gas and coal. A big bang : vital in deregulation -- From hyperinflation to financial stability. Establishing national currencies. Radical fiscal adjustment was key. Tax policy : from social democratic to liberal. Monetary policy : from loose to strict. Exchange rates : currency board or free float. Dramas of financial stabilization -- Privatization : the establishment of private property rights. Differing aims of privatization. Small-scale privatization : if started, swiftly done. Large-scale privatization : the biggest headache. Privatization of land, real estate, and housing. New enterprise development : the ultimate success. Great achievements of privatization. Vital : speed and legitimacy of property rights -- An inefficient social system. Incomes : differentiation and poverty. Life and health. Education adjusting to demand. Social transfers and pension reform. Alternative social models -- Democracy vs authoritarianism. Democratic breakthrough : critical for successful transformation. An under-reform trap. Renewed democratization : colored revolutions. Parties, electoral rules, and constitutions. How to tame the leviathan : reform of the communist state. Public opinion and ideology. Democracy and democracy aid -- From crime toward law. An explosion of crime. Attempts at building a legal system. Corruption : the bane of transition -- The role of oligarchs. Who are the oligarchs? The economics of oligarchy. The politics of oligarchy. Complaints : a matter of ideology. A question of property rights. Putin's alternative : centralized dictatorship -- The role of international assistance. The dream of Europe. Western failure to act in the East. Trade policy : a gulf between the EU and the CIS. International assistance : insufficient but crucial -- Conclusions : a world transformed. Different models. Achievements and r

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کتابخانه: كتابخانه مجلس شورای اسلامى (تهران)

295. The roots of reading comprehension instruction / P. David Pearson -- The development of children's reading comprehension / Scott G. Paris and Ellen E. Hamilton -- In search of the "simple view" of reading comprehension / James V. Hoffman -- Identifying and describing constructively responsive comprehension strategies in new and traditional forms of reading / Peter Afflerbach and Byeong-Young Cho -- Helping readers make sense of print : research that supports a whole language pedagogy / Kenneth S. Goodman and Yetta M. Goodman -- The role of cognitive flexibility in reading comprehension : past, present, and future / Kelly B. Cartwright -- Ways of meaning making : sociocultural perspectives on reading comprehension / James Gavelek and Patrick Bresnahan -- Transactional theory and critical theory in reading comprehension / James S. Damico, Gerald Campano, and Jerome C. Harste -- Grounding reading comprehension in the neuroscience literatures / George G. Hruby -- Text comprehension : a retrospective, perspective, and prospective / Emily Fox and Patricia A. Alexander -- Disciplinary comprehension / Cynthia Shanahan -- The agency and artistry of meaning makers within and across digital spaces / Robert J. Tierney -- Comprehension and computer technology : past results, current knowledge, and future promises / Michael L. Kamil and Helen Kim Chou -- Motivation and reading comprehension / Samuel D. Miller and Beverly S. Faircloth -- Vocabulary and reading comprehension : the nexus of meaning / James F. Baumann -- Cognitive strategy instruction / Janice A. Dole, Jeffery D. Nokes, and Dina Drits -- Metacognitive processes and reading comprehension / Linda Baker and Lisa Carter Beall -- Self-regulated comprehension / Dixie D. Massey -- Formal and informal measures of reading comprehension / Lauren Leslie and Joanne Caldwell -- Assessing comprehension of young children / Katherine A. Dougherty Stahl -- Approaches to teaching reading comprehension / Taffy E. Raphael ... [et al.] -- Comprehension and discussion of text / Janice F. Almasi and Keli Garas-York -- Comprehension instruction in kindergarten through grade three / Cathy Collins Block and Jan Lacina -- Developing higher order comprehension in the middle grades / Ruth Wharton-McDonald and Shannon Swiger -- Improving adolescent comprehension : developing comprehension strategies in the content areas / Mark W. Conley -- Comprehension difficulties among struggling readers / Richard L. Allington and Ann McGill-Franzen -- Reading comprehension and diversity in historical perspective : literacy, power, and native Hawaiians / Kathryn H. Au and Julie Kaomea -- Culturally relevant pedagogy and reading comprehension / Colleen M. Fairbanks ... [et al.] -- Reading comprehension and English language learners / Kathryn Prater -- Family literacy and reading comprehension / Patricia A. Edwards and Jennifer D. Turner -- Improving comprehension instruction through quality professional development / Misty Sailors -- Public policy and the future of reading comprehension research / Cathy Roller -- Where to from here? : themes, trends, and questions / Gerald G. Duffy ... [et al.]. 0

پدیدآورنده :

کتابخانه: كتابخانه مجلس شورای اسلامى (تهران)